Park Systems

Park Systems Enabling Nanoscale Advances
Park Systems has always strived to push the limits of innovation in scan

Park Systems, formally PSIA, is an innovative leader in atomic force microscopy. We are committed to providing accurate yet easy to use AFMs. With features like True Non-Contactโ„ข mode and automated software, we continue to achieve our goals of improving our products. Headquartered in South Korea, Park Systems also hosts offices in the United States, Germany, China, Mexico, Singapore, India and Japan.

At ๐—•๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ด๐—ฎ๐—น๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐˜‚ ๐—œ๐—ป๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ฎ ๐—ก๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ผ ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฒ, Park Systems India connected with key researchers and innovators from Bengaluruโ€™s fast-gro...
07/08/2026

At ๐—•๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ด๐—ฎ๐—น๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐˜‚ ๐—œ๐—ป๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ฎ ๐—ก๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ผ ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฒ, Park Systems India connected with key researchers and innovators from Bengaluruโ€™s fast-growing deep-tech and academic ecosystem, a key hub for turning nanoscale research into real-world impact.

Park Systems supports this progress with advanced ๐—”๐˜๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ถ๐—ณ ๐—™๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฐ๐—ฒ ๐— ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐˜€ (๐—”๐—™๐— ), ๐——๐—ถ๐—ด๐—ถ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—›๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ต๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐— ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐˜€ (๐——๐—›๐— ), ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฑ ๐—œ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐—ฆ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐—˜๐—น๐—น๐—ถ๐—ฝ๐˜€๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ฟ๐˜† (๐—œ๐—ฆ๐—˜) for precise materials characterization.

A key highlight was the ๐—ฃ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ธ ๐—™๐—ซ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฌ, designed for samples up to 200 mm. Its low-noise, high-stability platform and automated workflows enable accurate, high-resolution metrology with greater productivity.

Thank you to everyone who visited our booth!

06/08/2026

๐—ช๐—ต๐˜† ๐—ฑ๐—ผ๐—ฒ๐˜€ ๐—ฎ๐˜‚๐˜๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐˜๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐—ถ๐—ป ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฐ๐—ต ๐—”๐—™๐— ?
The ability of the Park Systemsโ€™ FX series AFMs to change the electrical configuration of the AFM for conductive and KPFM means these experiments can be performed automatically and with no need to manually reconfigure hardware and lose your location on the sample!

In this video we show how FX series AFMs can be used to map the topography and contact potential difference of a marginally twisted (~0 degrees) bilayer graphene on hBN using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) before switching to conductive AFM to measure moirรฉ patterns.

๐Ÿ’ก๐—™๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ฑ ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜ ๐—บ๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—ฎ๐—ฏ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜ ๐—ต๐—ผ๐˜„ ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ ๐—™๐—ซ ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐˜€ ๐—ถ๐—ป๐˜€๐˜๐—ฟ๐˜‚๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜๐˜€ ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—ธ๐—ฒ ๐—”๐—™๐—  ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐˜€๐˜† ๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ: https://okt.to/8RjWb1

Video caption: In this video we switch between KPFM and C-AFM on marginally (~0 degrees) twisted bilayer graphene on hBN using our FX200 automatic AFM.

04/08/2026

Meet Park FX40: ๐—ฎ๐˜‚๐˜๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐—”๐—™๐—  ๐—ฏ๐˜‚๐—ถ๐—น๐˜ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐—บ๐—ผ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ ๐—ฎ๐˜€ ๐—ณ๐—ฎ๐˜€๐˜ ๐—ฎ๐˜€ ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฐ๐—ต.
From automatic probe exchange to laser beam alignment and SmartScanโ„ข optimization, FX40 takes the friction out of daily AFM workflows, so users can spend less time setting up and more time getting results.

You measure small samples but achieve big performance. We automate the process from the start.

๐Ÿ’ก๐——๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐—™๐—ซ๐Ÿฐ๐Ÿฌ: https://okt.to/6OdRLW

04/08/2026

๐—ช๐—ต๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ต ๐—ก๐—”๐—ก๐—ข๐˜€๐—ฐ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜๐—ถ๐—ณ๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐—ฆ๐˜†๐—บ๐—ฝ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ถ๐˜‚๐—บ ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฒ ๐˜€๐˜๐—ผ๐—ฝ ๐—ถ๐˜€ ๐—ฐ๐—น๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐˜€๐˜ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚?
Park Systems is supporting five global events created for the SPM, nanoscience, and optical microscopy communities. Join researchers and industry experts for application-focused talks, live demonstrations, hands-on learning, poster sessions, and new opportunities to connect.

๐Ÿ“ ๐—ช๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐—ท๐—ผ๐—ถ๐—ป ๐˜‚๐˜€:
August 20โ€“21 | Park Systems HQ | Gwacheon, South Korea
September 9โ€“11 | Charles University | Prague, Czech Republic
September 29โ€“30 | Northeastern University | Boston, USA
October 14 | Universiti Malaya | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
October 29 | University of Tokyo | Tokyo, Japan

Explore live demonstrations of ๐—”๐˜๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐—™๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฐ๐—ฒ ๐— ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐˜†, ๐——๐—ถ๐—ด๐—ถ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—›๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ต๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐— ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐˜†, ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฑ ๐—œ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐—ฆ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐—˜๐—น๐—น๐—ถ๐—ฝ๐˜€๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ฟ๐˜† and how they are advancing nanoscale imaging and surface analysis.

๐Ÿ’ก๐—ฅ๐—ฒ๐—ด๐—ถ๐˜€๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐—ณ๐—ผ๐—ฟ ๐—ก๐—ฆ๐—ฆ ๐—ฆ๐˜†๐—บ๐—ฝ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ถ๐˜‚๐—บ ๐—ถ๐—ป ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ด๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป: https://okt.to/a4A1ue

๐—ฆ๐—ฐ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฐ๐—ฒ ๐—ฑ๐—ผ๐—ฒ๐˜€๐—ปโ€™๐˜ ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—ธ๐—ฒ ๐—ฎ ๐—ฏ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ธ. ๐—ง๐—ฟ๐˜‚๐—ฒ ๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ฏ ๐—ฎ๐˜‚๐˜๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐—ปโ€™๐˜ ๐˜„๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐˜ ๐—ณ๐—ผ๐—ฟ ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐˜‚๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—”๐—™๐—  ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ฝ ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ๐˜€.In todayโ€™s self-driving labs, di...
03/08/2026

๐—ฆ๐—ฐ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฐ๐—ฒ ๐—ฑ๐—ผ๐—ฒ๐˜€๐—ปโ€™๐˜ ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—ธ๐—ฒ ๐—ฎ ๐—ฏ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ธ. ๐—ง๐—ฟ๐˜‚๐—ฒ ๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ฏ ๐—ฎ๐˜‚๐˜๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐—ปโ€™๐˜ ๐˜„๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐˜ ๐—ณ๐—ผ๐—ฟ ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐˜‚๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—”๐—™๐—  ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ฝ ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ๐˜€.
In todayโ€™s self-driving labs, digital intelligence generates hypotheses at unprecedented speeds. Yet, a critical hardware gap remains: high-resolution AFM characterization requires sharp probes. When they inevitably break or contaminate, human intervention is forced.

The autonomous cycle breaks. Hours of idle time follow. Software is useless without complete physical agency.

The Park FX Series (๐—™๐—ซ๐Ÿฐ๐Ÿฌ โ€ข ๐—™๐—ซ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฌ โ€ข ๐—™๐—ซ๐Ÿฏ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฌ) eliminates this bottleneck. Built for true 24/7 autonomy, these systems detect, respond to, and recover from tip issues without human input.

๐—ž๐—ฒ๐˜† ๐—ณ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐˜๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐˜€ ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฎ๐—ฏ๐—น๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐˜๐—ฟ๐˜‚๐—ฒ ๐—ฎ๐˜‚๐˜๐—ผ๐—ป๐—ผ๐—บ๐˜†:
๐Ÿ”ธ๐—™๐˜‚๐—น๐—น๐˜† ๐—ฎ๐˜‚๐˜๐—ผ๐—ป๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜€ ๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ฏ๐—ฒ ๐—ฒ๐˜…๐—ฐ๐—ต๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ด๐—ฒ: ~2 min replacement and full laser alignment.
๐Ÿ”ธ๐—ค๐—ฅ-๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ธ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด: Full usage history across up to 16 slots.
๐Ÿ”ธ๐—Ÿ๐—ถ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ ๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—น๐˜๐—ต ๐—บ๐—ผ๐—ป๐—ถ๐˜๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด: Auto-detection of tip degradation or contamination.
๐Ÿ”ธ๐—ฆ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐—ฆ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐—ปโ„ข: Unsupervised, high-throughput measurements from small samples to 300 mm wafers.

The result is ~15+ hours of continuous scanning in a 24-hour cycle. No idle time. No human pauses. Just a continuous data pipeline feeding real physics into your materials discovery. Challenge us in a live demo!

๐Ÿ’ก๐—˜๐˜…๐—ฝ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—ฃ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ธ ๐—™๐—ซ ๐—ฆ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐˜€ ๐—”๐—™๐— ๐˜€ ๐—ณ๐—ผ๐—ฟ ๐˜€๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—น๐—น ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฑ ๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ด๐—ฒ ๐˜€๐—ฎ๐—บ๐—ฝ๐—น๐—ฒ ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฐ๐—ต: https://okt.to/lLeHYS

Thank you to everyone who made the ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฒ ๐—ฃ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ธ ๐—ฆ๐˜†๐˜€๐˜๐—ฒ๐—บ๐˜€ ๐—ฆ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐˜€๐˜ ๐—”๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ฎ & ๐—œ๐—ป๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ฎ ๐—”๐—ด๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜ ๐— ๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด a tremendous success!Over the ...
01/08/2026

Thank you to everyone who made the ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฒ ๐—ฃ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ธ ๐—ฆ๐˜†๐˜€๐˜๐—ฒ๐—บ๐˜€ ๐—ฆ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐˜€๐˜ ๐—”๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ฎ & ๐—œ๐—ป๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ฎ ๐—”๐—ด๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜ ๐— ๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด a tremendous success!
Over the past few days, we had the opportunity to strengthen partnerships, exchange valuable market insights, explore the latest innovations, and align our strategies for the exciting opportunities ahead. It was an inspiring gathering filled with meaningful discussions, collaboration, and a shared commitment to delivering cutting-edge metrology solutions across Southeast Asia, India and Middel East regions.

A heartfelt thank you to all our dedicated agents and the Park Systems team for your active participation, valuable contributions, and continued trust. Together, we are building stronger partnerships and driving innovation throughout the region.

We're excited to turn these discussions into action and look forward to another year of growth, collaboration, and success.

31/07/2026

[๐——๐—›๐—  ๐—ช๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ธ: ๐—œ๐—ป-๐—ฆ๐—ถ๐˜๐˜‚ ๐— ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐˜†: ๐—œ๐—ป-๐—ฆ๐—ถ๐˜๐˜‚ ๐—ง๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ฏ๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐˜† / ๐—˜๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ ๐Ÿฑ]
Wear evolves during motion, but many surface measurement techniques require to stop the wearing process.
๐——๐—ถ๐—ด๐—ถ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—›๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ต๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐— ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐˜† (๐——๐—›๐— ) can be integrated into tribological test systems to monitor surface evolution in situ and in real time. Studies report that DHM was used in a high-vacuum, high-temperature ball-on-disk tribometer to observe wear-track evolution without interrupting the experiment (Meylan et al., Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties, 2017).
In 4D tribology applications, ๐——๐—›๐—  ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฎ๐—ฏ๐—น๐—ฒ๐˜€ ๐˜€๐˜†๐—ป๐—ฐ๐—ต๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ป๐—ถ๐˜‡๐—ฒ๐—ฑ, ๐—ถ๐—ป-๐˜€๐—ถ๐˜๐˜‚ ๐˜๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ผ๐—ด๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ต๐˜† ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐˜€๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜๐˜€ ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐—บ๐—ผ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐˜€๐—ฎ๐—บ๐—ฝ๐—น๐—ฒ๐˜€, allowing the same wear-track position to be monitored repeatedly as friction, wear, and surface deformation evolve over time.

This makes it possible to connect tribological behavior with real-time 3D surface changes instead of relying only on post-test inspection.

๐Ÿ’ก Learn more: https://okt.to/T3aiZ2
๐Ÿ’ก Explore our DHM products: https://okt.to/zWrLda



Image Caption: Wear-track evolution without stopping the test

[๐——๐—›๐—  ๐—ช๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ธ: ๐—œ๐—ป-๐—ฆ๐—ถ๐˜๐˜‚ ๐— ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐˜†: ๐— ๐—˜๐— ๐—ฆ ๐—ถ๐—ป ๐—Ÿ๐—ถ๐—พ๐˜‚๐—ถ๐—ฑ / ๐—˜๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ ๐Ÿฐ]How do you measure a moving MEMS device without opening the pac...
30/07/2026

[๐——๐—›๐—  ๐—ช๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ธ: ๐—œ๐—ป-๐—ฆ๐—ถ๐˜๐˜‚ ๐— ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐˜†: ๐— ๐—˜๐— ๐—ฆ ๐—ถ๐—ป ๐—Ÿ๐—ถ๐—พ๐˜‚๐—ถ๐—ฑ / ๐—˜๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ ๐Ÿฐ]
How do you measure a moving MEMS device without opening the package, draining the liquid, or losing dynamic information?

๐——๐—ถ๐—ด๐—ถ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—›๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ต๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐— ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐˜† (๐——๐—›๐— ) captures full-field 3D topography without mechanical scanning, making it well suited for dynamic MEMS characterization under operating conditions. Lyncรฉe Tecโ€™s Holographic MEMS Analyzer supports reflection and transmission DHM configurations with long working distance, immersion, and glass-corrected objectives for measurements in the presence of probes, in liquid, and through transparent covers. The stroboscopic unit synchronizes MEMS excitation with 3D topography time sequences and electrical response measurements.

For packaged ๐— ๐—˜๐— ๐—ฆ, ๐—บ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ณ๐—น๐˜‚๐—ถ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฒ๐˜€, ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฑ ๐—น๐—ถ๐—พ๐˜‚๐—ถ๐—ฑ-๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐˜๐˜‚๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐˜€๐˜†๐˜€๐˜๐—ฒ๐—บ๐˜€, ๐——๐—›๐—  ๐—ฏ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด๐˜€ ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐˜† ๐—ฐ๐—น๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ป๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป๐˜€.

๐Ÿ’ก ๐—Ÿ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ป ๐—บ๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ: https://okt.to/JTzv91
๐Ÿ’ก ๐—˜๐˜…๐—ฝ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ ๐——๐—›๐—  ๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐˜‚๐—ฐ๐˜๐˜€: https://okt.to/U08aBe



๐—œ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ฒ ๐—–๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป: Full-field DHM vibration maps of a cMUT membrane in liquid, revealing frequency-dependent motion across the entire device surface

[๐——๐—›๐—  ๐—ช๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ธ: ๐—œ๐—ป-๐—ฆ๐—ถ๐˜๐˜‚ ๐— ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐˜†: ๐— ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—น ๐——๐—ถ๐˜€๐˜€๐—ผ๐—น๐˜‚๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป / ๐—˜๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ ๐Ÿฏ]Dissolution rates are often treated as averaged values, bu...
29/07/2026

[๐——๐—›๐—  ๐—ช๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ธ: ๐—œ๐—ป-๐—ฆ๐—ถ๐˜๐˜‚ ๐— ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐˜†: ๐— ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—น ๐——๐—ถ๐˜€๐˜€๐—ผ๐—น๐˜‚๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป / ๐—˜๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ ๐Ÿฏ]
Dissolution rates are often treated as averaged values, but real surfaces dissolve locally, at steps, pits, defects, and flowing-liquid interfaces.

๐—ฅ๐—ฒ๐—ณ๐—น๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐——๐—ถ๐—ด๐—ถ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—›๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ต๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐— ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ (๐——๐—›๐— ) enables in-situ, real-time nanoscale topography monitoring of mineral surfaces in water. Studies report that in gypsum, DHM measures absolute retreat rates of cleavage surfaces, etch pits, steps, and apparently defect-free regions in flowing water. In calcite, DHM tracks real-time nanoscale topography evolution in static or flowing deionized water and measures dissolution rates from surface-normal height changes or volume changes.
For geochemistry, cement, and reactive surfaces, ๐——๐—›๐—  ๐—ฏ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด๐˜€ ๐—ธ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐˜€ ๐—ฏ๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ธ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐˜€๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐—ณ๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ฒ ๐˜„๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ๐˜† ๐—ผ๐—ฐ๐—ฐ๐˜‚๐—ฟ.

๐Ÿ’ก ๐—ฅ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜€: https://okt.to/8bMZWD
https://okt.to/wQp0lB
๐Ÿ’ก ๐—˜๐˜…๐—ฝ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ ๐——๐—›๐—  ๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐˜‚๐—ฐ๐˜๐˜€: https://okt.to/k8JEt0



๐—œ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ฒ ๐—–๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป/๐—–๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐˜: Gypsum dissolution in flowing water: nanoscale surface retreat measured by DHM, Feng et al., Chemical Geology, 2017

[๐——๐—›๐—  ๐—ช๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ธ: ๐—œ๐—ป-๐—ฆ๐—ถ๐˜๐˜‚ ๐— ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐˜†: ๐—–๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐—œ๐—ป๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ณ๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ฒ๐˜€ / ๐—˜๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ ๐Ÿฎ]Corrosion starts at buried interfaces, but most tools sho...
28/07/2026

[๐——๐—›๐—  ๐—ช๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ธ: ๐—œ๐—ป-๐—ฆ๐—ถ๐˜๐˜‚ ๐— ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐˜†: ๐—–๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐—œ๐—ป๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ณ๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ฒ๐˜€ / ๐—˜๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ ๐Ÿฎ]
Corrosion starts at buried interfaces, but most tools show the damage after it has already developed.

๐——๐—ถ๐—ด๐—ถ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—›๐—ผ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ด๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ต๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐— ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐˜† (๐——๐—›๐— ) can visualize dynamic concentration and phase changes at the electrode-electrolyte interface in real time. In Electrochemistry Communications (2009) paper, Yuan et al. reports that in copper chloride media, digital holography reconstructs quantitative phase maps during anodic dissolution and reveals diffusion-layer evolution across different polarization regimes. The study supports that Cuโบ forms first at the initial stage, before reacting into cuprous chloride and chloride complexes.

For corrosion science, this means ๐——๐—›๐—  ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐—ป ๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—น๐—ฝ ๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ป๐—ป๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐˜ ๐—ฒ๐—น๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ฐ๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—บ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐—น ๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ด๐—ป๐—ฎ๐—น๐˜€ ๐˜„๐—ถ๐˜๐—ต ๐˜€๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ฎ๐—น๐—น๐˜† ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐˜€๐—ผ๐—น๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐—ถ๐—ป๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ณ๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ถ๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—ฑ๐˜†๐—ป๐—ฎ๐—บ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐˜€.

What corrosion mechanism would you want to see in real time?

๐Ÿ’ก ๐—ฅ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ: https://okt.to/Le7IuK
๐Ÿ’ก ๐—˜๐˜…๐—ฝ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ ๐——๐—›๐—  products:https://okt.to/TKNH6k



Image Caption/Credit: Seeing the diffusion layer during anodic dissolution, Yuan et al., Electrochemistry Communications, 2009

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