Hardware & Networking Technology

10/09/2020

Wi-Fi 6:

Based on the IEEE 802.11ax standard, Wi-Fi 6 is the latest generation of Wi-Fi designed to address the looming capacity crunch while creating a superhighway to support new and emerging multi-gigabit applications. Compared to Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac), Wi-Fi 6 is better equipped to service a large number of Wi-Fi devices, especially in dense environments like city centers, malls, airports, concert halls and stadiums. In addition, the shift to Wi-Fi 6 includes significant improvements in data speed and latency for both uplink and downlink transmission. Wi-Fi 6 brings a host of feature enhancements, such as 1024-QAM and OFDMA, designed to address high-bandwidth, low-latency use cases.

6-GHz Wi-Fi: The next frontier in Wi-Fi
Legacy Wi-Fi devices have utilized the 2.4-GHz and 5-GHz Wi-Fi bands for decades. Now with the latest addition of Wi-Fi 6, which supports 2.4-GHz, 5-GHz and future 6-GHz bands, there are essentially six generations of Wi-Fi devices sharing the crowded 2.4-GHz and 5-GHz bands in which end-user applications are constantly competing for airtime. These bands will soon become overloaded due to the growth of wireless connectivity and data. The solution to this challenge comes in the form of spectrum globally available in the 6-GHz band for Wi-Fi.

6-GHz Wi-Fi will allow multiple 160 MHz channels to enable the next wave of multi-gigabit applications at home and office, thereby realizing the full potential of Wi-Fi 6. In addition, the 6-GHz band offers a wide bandwidth with little radio signal interference from other sources, such as microwave ovens, wireless headsets and cordless phones. The wide range of new and emerging data-intensive applications that 6-GHz Wi-Fi can enable includes:

4K/8K video distribution for home and business
Real-time immersive gaming
Virtual/Augmented Reality (VR/AR)
Telemedicine
Distance learning

08/09/2018

Bluetooth Low Energy (LE) :

The Bluetooth Low Energy radio is designed for very low power operation. To enable reliable operation in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, it leverages a robust frequency-hopping spread spectrum approach that transmits data over 40 channels. The Bluetooth LE radio provides developers a tremendous amount of flexibility, including multiple PHY options that support data rates from 125 Kb/s to 2 Mb/s, multiple power levels, from 1mW to 100 mW, as well as multiple security options up to government grade.

Bluetooth LE also supports multiple network typologies, including a point-to-point option used for data transfer, a broadcast option used for location services and a mesh option used for creating large-scale device networks.

24/10/2017

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20/09/2017

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21/06/2015

Car Gps Tracking is fairly common in new vehicles, providing drivers with tracking and navigation.

However, latest technology inventions have made car gps tracking systems more sophisticated, allowing for a wide range of additional uses.

Smartbox technology is one example of how car gps tracking systems are being used to lower car insurance.

A comprehensive recording of a driver's habits allows insurance companies to provide "pay-as-you-drive" car insurance.

City officials in New York City are considering how car gps tracking could be used as "Drive Smart" technology.

Most large cities have a limited capability to change the infrastructure of their roadways.

A car gps tracking system that integrates with traffic information would give drivers the ability to select routes in real time that were more fuel efficient, less congested, faster or shorter.

A driver's recorded routing selection could then be used to penalize or reward drivers by lowering or increasing their related licensing fees or by calculating mileage based "road-use" fees.

Eventually, such a system would replace gasoline tax since these revenues will decline as more vehicles become less dependent on fossil fuels.
- See more at: http://www.inventor-strategies.com/Latest-technology-inventions.html .nm8AqxEH.dpuf

14/03/2015

Frequent smartphone use has turned us into lazy thinkers, researchers report, adding that the convenience at our fingertips is making it easy for us to avoid thinking for ourselves.

Smartphone users who are intuitive thinkers -- more prone to relying on gut feelings and instincts when making decisions -- frequently use their device's search engine rather than their own brainpower, they added.

"They may look up information that they actually know or could easily learn, but are unwilling to make the effort to actually think about it," said Gordon Pennycook, from department of psychology at the University of Waterloo.

In contrast, analytical thinkers second-guess themselves and analyze a problem in a more logical sort of way.

Highly intelligent people are more analytical and less intuitive when solving problems.

"Humans are eager to avoid expending effort when problem-solving and it seems likely that people will increasingly use their smartphones as an extended mind," added lead author Nathaniel Barr.

In three studies involving 660 participants, the researchers examined various measures including cognitive style ranging from intuitive to analytical, plus verbal and numeracy skills.

Then they looked at the participants' smartphone habits.

Participants in the study who demonstrated stronger cognitive skills and a greater willingness to think in an analytical way spent less time using their smartphones' search engine function.

The research provides support for an association between heavy smartphone use and lowered intelligence.

Avoiding using our own minds to problem-solve might have adverse consequences for ageing.

"Our reliance on smartphones and other devices (is likely) to rise. It is important to understand how smartphones affect and relate to human psychology before these technologies are so fully ingrained that it's hard to recall what life was like without them," cautioned Barr.

Whether smartphones actually decrease intelligence is still an open question that requires future research, Pennycook added.

The results also indicate that use of social media and entertainment applications generally did not correlate to higher or lower cognitive abilities.

The study was published in the journal Computers in Human Behavior.

31/12/2013

Happy New Year ..

Wish to see more technological evolution in this year ....

21/09/2013

If your CPU has only a single core, it's officially a dinosaur. In fact, quad-core computing is now commonplace; you can even get laptop computers with four cores today. But we're really just at the beginning of the core wars: Leadership in the CPU market will soon be decided by who has the most cores, not who has the fastest clock speed.
What is it? With the gigahertz race largely abandoned, both AMD and Intel are trying to pack more cores onto a die in order to continue to improve processing power and aid with multitasking operations. Miniaturizing chips further will be key to fitting these cores and other components into a limited space. Intel will roll out 32-nanometer processors (down from today's 45nm chips) in 2009.

When is it coming? Intel has been very good about sticking to its road map. A six-core CPU based on the Itanium design should be out imminently, when Intel then shifts focus to a brand-new architecture called Nehalem, to be marketed as Core i7. Core i7 will feature up to eight cores, with eight-core systems available in 2009 or 2010. (And an eight-core AMD project called Montreal is reportedly on tap for 2009.)

After that, the timeline gets fuzzy. Intel reportedly canceled a 32-core project called Keifer, slated for 2010, possibly because of its complexity (the company won't confirm this, though). That many cores requires a new way of dealing with memory; apparently you can't have 32 brains pulling out of one central pool of RAM. But we still expect cores to proliferate when the kinks are ironed out: 16 cores by 2011 or 2012 is plausible (when transistors are predicted to drop again in size to 22nm), with 32 cores by 2013 or 2014 easily within reach. Intel says "hundreds" of cores may come even farther down the line.

20/07/2013

Module 2 :

History of WIFI..

802.11 technology has its origins in a 1985 ruling by the US Federal Communications Commission that released the ISM band for unlicensed use. In 1991, NCR Corporation with AT&T Corporation invented the precursor to 802.11 intended for use in cashier systems. The first wireless products were under the name WaveLAN.
Vic Hayes has been called the "father of Wi-Fi" by some, due to his involvement in negotiating the initial standards within the IEEE while chairing the workgroup.
A large number of patents by many companies are used in 802.11 standard. In 1992 and 1996, Australian organization CSIRO obtained patents for a method later used in Wi-Fi to "unsmear" the signal. In April 2009, 14 tech companies agreed to pay CSIRO $250 million for infringements on CSIRO patents. This led to Wi-Fi being attributed as an Australian invention, though this has been the subject of some controversy. CSIRO won a further $220 million settlement for Wi-Fi patent infringements in 2012 with global firms in the United States required to pay the CSIRO licensing rights estimated to be worth an additional $1 billion in royalties.

In 1999, the Wi-Fi Alliance was formed as a trade association to hold the Wi-Fi trademark under which most products are sold.
The key technologies behind Wi-Fi were developed by the radioastronomer John O'Sullivan as a by-product in a research project, "a failed experiment to detect exploding mini black holes the size of an atomic particle".