Vision Computer Academy

19/12/2023

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13/03/2018

Now we are Learning about IP address

What is IP address?

IP is a short form of Internet Protocol
(what is protocol?
it is set of rules that make communication possible between the devices.which followed by every software or hardware manufacturing company they use standard and followed OSI model while manufacturing any software or hardware that why the different devices can communicate to each other..
at before OSI MODEL a particular device/software work on specific manufacturing company such as IBM company use their own software own hardware.no other plat form can communicate except their company materials.like LINUX not communicate to Windows or other plat form.
in short with the help OSI model which provide some rules and regulation known as protocol)

IP is 32 bits or 128 bit logical address
with help of IP address we can identify or established communication between the devices..............

There are two types of IP address

1.IPv4 and IPv6

IPv4 is 32 bits logical address where as IPv6 is 128 bits logical address

IPv4 is 4 block and 8 bits for each block
Where as IPv6 have 8 block anf 16 bits each block.

IPv4 is decimal format
Ex.192.168.100.1
IPv6 is hexadecimal format
Ex.12bh:55t7:6677:rgy2:6678:nisa:rvis:ion1:6r66

IPv4 represented by(.)dot, where as
IPv6 is represented by(:)semi colin.

IPv4 having 400 million ip address
It means it is very near to finish the life of IPv4
Where as
IPv6 use for as long as no limitations for ip shortage......

Advantages of IPv6
1.no ip shortage issue
2.each device having public ip
3.in future using ipv6 we can assign unique ip to a specific device like fridge ,car that means we can configure or troubleshoot any device anywhere globally and tracks car anywhere using their ip.

There are two types of IP address
1.private ip
2.public ip

Private IP is unique locally within LAN
Public ip unique globally WAN

Private IP free of cost
Public IP purchase from IANA
Internet Assign Number Authority.

Private IP classfull
(subnet mask is predefined)
Public IP classless.
(Subnet mask assign manually)

Public IP ranges
Class A:
0.0.0.0 to 126.255.255.255
127.0.0.1 is loop back address
It is reserved for NIC card only
Class IP reserved for government purpose.

Class B:
128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255
Class b reserved for medium-sized of organisations

Class C
192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255
Class c reserved for small size of organisations

Class D:
224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255
Class D reserved for Multicasting purpose

Class E:
240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255
Class E is reserved for research and development purpose...

13/03/2018

Learn much more about Networking Devices.
friends have any doubts you can make comments here I am always touch with you..

13/03/2018

Friends now learn About Networking devices

1.what is networking device?

Ans.With networking devices we can form/create a Network
Without networking devices we can't think about network.
Whenever we will need to established network at that time we will need a networking devices or it is necessanry.

Types of networking devices

1.Router
2.switch
3.Hub
4.Repeater
5.Bridge
6.Nic card

1.What is Router
Ans.It is an Internetworking Device which connect different network/connect two or more than two network.
It is also called as intelligent device
Because it select a best path for packets passing from source to destination known as routing.
It maintains IP table.
It is available in 2 to 8 ports.
Each port act as single broadcast and single collision domain.
It maintains IP address table.
it is work on network layer of osi model..........

There are two types of router
Mountable router and un-mountable router

1.Mountable router
Ans. In mountable router we can add and remove ports(serial ports,access ports etc)
We configure it with help of dyanamic routing protocols or static routing protocols.

2.un-mountable router
Ans. We can't add or remove ports
As well as can't configure any routing protocols.
It is just plug and play device.

Ports of Router

1.Wan port
2.Access port
3.Admin port

1. Wan port
Ans. With the help of wan port we can connect different router/network..globally
It means serial ports.
@ old serial port
@ smart serial port

2.Access port
Ans. With the help access port we can connect different network within an organisation.
It means fast Ethernet port.

3.Admin port
Ans. USING admin port we can configure router
port
port

Console port is used to configure local router where as aux port is used for remotely configure to another router....

2.Switch
Ans. It is a multiport unicasting device with the help of this we can connect multiple node/device.
Each port having single broadcast and per port collision domain
It maintains MAC address table
It is available from 4 to 48 ports.
It is fast device for packet transferring purpose.
It is full duplex device...
It is intelligent networking device because whenever any device which connected to switch try to send data to another device it is send data to that perticular device only using MAC address of that device.
unmanageable switches work on data link layer of osi model
where as manageable switches work on Multi layer or network layer of osi model.

2- What is the Difference Between Layer 2 and Layer 3 Switch ?
Ans:
Layer 2 Switch -)
We Can Create VLAN, Inter VLAN Routing, Router on Stick, VTP Domains and Port-Security in Layer 2 SWITCH.

Layer 3 SWITCH -)
We Can Create VLAN, Inter VLAN Routing, Router on Stick, VTP Domains and Port-Security in Layer 2 SWITCH. and We Can Also
Enable Routing Between Two or More LAN (Local Area Network), not WAN (Wide Area Network).

There are two types of switch

1.Manageable switch
2. UNMANAGEABLE SWITCH

Manageable switch
In manageable switch we configure it
We can see MAC table Aslo
We can Create vlan
It having console port
Like rj45
It is also called multilayer switch

UNMANAGEABLE SWITCH
We can't configure it
It is just plug and play device
We can't see MAC table
We can't create vlan
It is work on data link layer of osi model..

3.HUB
Ans.It is a broadcasting networking device
It is half duplex device
it is available in 4 to 24 ports
it is plug and play devicee
it having single broadcast and single collision domain
it is not intelligent as like switch
it broadcast messages to all remaining devices which is connected to HUB
it means whenever any device which is connect to Hub
try to send data or packets at data all remaining devices also access this data.
it is work on physical layer of osi model.

there three types hub
1.Active Hub
2.Passive hub
3.hybrid hub

Active hub:
it required power supply
it boost the single
it means it is regenerate the signals.

Passive hub:
it doesn't required power supply
it is just connect and use

Hybrid hub:
it having multiple different ports
like console ports

4.Repeater

It is mainly use for regenerate signals purpose
at certain segment length each and every cable loss the data at that using repeater device we can regenerate the signals and extent the network.

5.Bridge

It is a networking device using it we can connect different LAN segment

29/01/2018

Hello friends here we will learn about Networking

What is networking?

Ans:- A group of nodes/devices are connected to each other where as they shared resources between them known as networking...or

Transferring data from one node to another is called as networking......

What is netwok?

Ans:- A group of nodes/devices connected with the help of transmission media is known as network....

What is transmission media?

Transmissions media is nothing but it is an entry and exit point of data passing from source to destination. Or

With the help of transmission we can established communication between devices...

it may be Wired or wireless entities of data passing.......between the devices......

There are two types of transmission media
1.physical transmission media
2.wireless transmission media


What is Physical transmission media?

Its is wired entities of data passing through it from source to destination.

Physical transmission media are
1.co-axial cable
2.twisted pair cable
3.fiber optical cable.

1.co-axial cable
It has two types
*thinnet fiber optic cable
*thicknet fiber optic cable
Thinnet fiber optic cable also called as 10BASE2.
*here
10 means - 10Mbps
Base - Baseband
2 - 200 metres

@ The segment length of this cable is 200 metres
@ But actual in practical a length is 185 metres.

@ Thinnet usually uesed at where a devices are frequently adding and removing...

2.thicknet Optical fiber

thicknet fiber optic cable
Thicknet fiber optic cable also called as 10BASE5.
*here
10 means - 10Mbps
Base - Baseband
5 - 500 metres

@ The segment length of this cable is 500 metres

@ Thicknet is a backbone cable of internet which is laid down under the sea and connected to all countries to each other.....

2.Fiber optic cable

It is made from glass,this glass is used for transferring data..

It used LED light rays for data transferring..
It has high capacity to carry data..
It more costly and flexible

Fiber optic has two type
@ single mode
@ multi mode

Single mode.
It used single light ray for data transferring
It faster than multi mode

Multi mode.
It used multiple light rays for data transferring at a time....
Data rate will be 10 Gbps

3.twisted pair.

It has eight wired which are pair 2-2
And make 4 pair out of eight wire....
It twisted because it is protect from electro magnetic field.

Segment length 100 metres.

There are two types twisted pair cable
@ shielded twisted pair
@ unshielded twisted pair.

Shielded twisted pair.
It has extra shield to protect it from electro magnetic interface and radio frequency interface..

Its so secure
Less chances of daya loss

Unshielded twisted pair.
It has less secure as compared to shielded twisted pair more chances of data loss
But it is cheapest cable as compare others.

Networking devices.

Hi friends let us talk about networking devices......

What is networking device?

Ans:- A device which form a network is called as networking device. Or
With the help networking devices we can create a network.....

Types of network devices
1.Hub
2.Switch
3.Router
4.NIC CARD
5.Repeater
7.bridge

03/01/2018

https://m.youtube.com/watch?t=128s&v=lXn4vbSfZJ4

Using single router with connecting single port to switch, CREATE Vlan and creating different network and established communication b/w them. using inter VLA...

03/01/2018

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=12VM_WF-ZIk

Using single router with connecting single port to switch, and creating different network and established communication b/w different n/w using inter VLAN....

27/01/2013

VISION COMPUTER ACADEMY & INTERNET CAFE