04/06/2023
Performance Analysis of Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery and Lead-Acid Battery
The performance comparison between lithium iron phosphate battery packs and lead-acid batteries has always been a hot topic of public concern. So the performance comparison between lithium iron phosphate battery pack and lead- acid battery, which is stronger between the two? In this article, we will analyze it.
What is the difference between a lithium iron phosphate battery pack and a lead-acid battery? Under the same volume, the energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries is 3 to 4 times that of lead-acid batteries, 2.5 times that of nickel-cadmium batteries, and 1.8 times that of nickel-metal hydride batteries. The battery will be smaller and lighter than lead-acid, nickel-cadmium, and nickel-metal hydride batteries.
1. In terms of service life: the cycle life of lead-acid batteries is about 300 times. The lithium iron phosphate battery pack can be charged and discharged at 1C at room temperature. The capacity of the monomer is still greater than 80% after 2000 cycles, and the 3C cycle life can reach more than 800 times. Lead-acid batteries have high requirements on ambient temperature, and their service life does not exceed 5 years under harsh ambient temperatures. The lithium iron phosphate battery has a longer service life under the same conditions.
2. In terms of safety performance: lead-acid batteries, lead-acid batteries will explode under strong collisions, posing a threat to the life safety of consumers. Lithium iron phosphate battery pack: Lithium iron phosphate battery completely solves the hidden safety problems of lithium cobalt oxide and lithium manganate. Lithium cobalt oxide and lithium manganate will explode under strong collision, while lithium iron phosphate has passed strict safety measures. Tested, no explosion even in violent collisions.
3. In terms of temperature range: lead-acid batteries can be used in the temperature range of -20℃-50℃, with low self-discharge. The lithium iron phosphate battery pack has a thermal peak of 350~500℃, a wide operating temperature range (-20~+75℃), and can still release 100% at high temperature (60℃).
4. In terms of charging efficiency: lead-acid batteries, general electric vehicle lead- acid battery chargers, when 100% of the electricity is used up, the charging time will be 8-10 hours. Due to the higher activity of the material and electrolyte of the lithium battery, the lithium iron oxide battery pack can be quickly charged, and can be quickly charged and discharged at a high current of 2C. The battery can be fully charged within 40 minutes of charging at 1.5C under a special charger, and the starting current can reach 2C.
5. In terms of no memory effect: the lead-acid battery has a memory effect, and the rechargeable battery often works under the condition of being fully charged, and the capacity will quickly drop below the rated capacity value. Lithium iron phosphate battery packs do not have this phenomenon. No matter what state the battery is in, it can be used at any time without having to discharge it completely before charging.
6. Green environmental protection: There is a large amount of lead in lead-acid batteries in electric vehicles with lead-acid batteries. If they are disposed of improperly, they will pollute the environment. The lithium iron phosphate material does not contain any heavy metals and rare metals, is non-toxic, and has no pollution in production and use. It complies with European RoHS regulations. It is a green battery and has become a research hotspot.
In terms of price, the current mainstream battery on the market is 48 volts. If you want to replace it, the lead-acid battery is about 380-450 yuan (48V12AH-48V20AH), and the warranty period is 1 year; the price of lithium-ion battery is relatively expensive, 1000 yuan (48V12AH) or so, but its warranty period is 2 years.
At present, the price of lithium iron phosphate battery packs is more expensive than that of lead-acid batteries, which is about 3 times that of lead-acid batteries. However, combined with the analysis of service life and the same cost, the service life of lithium-ion batteries is still longer.
