21/08/2026
πΏ PLANT PHYSIOLOGY: SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS πΈ
Master the complete concept of Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms with this clear, precise, and concise lecture breakdown! Perfect for quick revision and exam prep. πβ¨
π KEY HIGHLIGHTS OF THE LECTURE:
* π Alternation of Generations:
* Sporophyte (2n): Diploid phase that produces haploid spores (1n) via meiosis.
* Gametophyte (1n): Haploid phase that produces gametes (1n) via mitosis.
* πΊ Parts of a Flower:
* Calyx (Sepals): Outer green layer protecting the flower bud.
* Corolla (Petals): Brightly colored whorl to attract pollinators.
* Androecium (Stamens): Male structure consisting of the anther (pollen producer) and filament.
* Gynoecium (Carpels/Pistil): Female structure consisting of the stigma, style, and o***y (housing ovules).
* β‘ Gametophyte Development & Double Fertilization:
* Development of male (pollen grain) and female (embryo sac) gametophytes.
* S***m 1 + Egg \rightarrow Diploid Zygote (2n): Forms the embryo.
* S***m 2 + Polar Nuclei \rightarrow Triploid Endosperm (3n): Forms nutrient tissue.
* π Seed & Fruit Formation:
* Fertilized ovules mature into seeds, while the o***y wall forms the fruit.
* Parthenocarpy: Development of seedless fruits without fertilization (e.g., bananas).
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