Proway Learning Technologies

18/03/2025

31/03/2024

What is UX Testing?

User experience (UX) testing is a process of evaluating how users interact with a product, app, website, or other digital products. It is designed to measure user satisfaction, ease of use, and overall enjoyment of products. The goal of UX testing is to understand the user's experience and identify areas for improvement to make the product more user-friendly and enjoyable.

Why is UX Testing Important?

UX testing is crucial because it helps enterprises understand their target audience and what they need and expect from their products. The data from UX testing can be used to make informed decisions about product design and development. Additionally, UX testing helps companies identify usability issues and areas for improvement, which can increase user satisfaction and improve the overall quality of the product. UX testing can be done through various methods, such as user surveys, focus groups, usability testing, and A/B testing. By collecting user feedback, UX testing offers valuable insights into what users like and dislike about a product and what could be improved. This helps organizations to ensure that their product is designed with the needs and goals of the target audience in mind. UX testing also can also reveal technical issues, such as broken links, slow load times, or confusing navigation.

Various Types of UX Testing

Usability testing: This testing type is focused on evaluating how easy and intuitive a product is to use. It involves watching users as they perform tasks with the product to see how they interact with it and identify areas for improvement.

A/B testing: This type of testing involves comparing two different versions of a product to see which version performs better. This can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of different design elements, such as the placement of buttons or the use of color.

Remote testing: This testing type is conducted online and allows users to test the product from their own location.

Contextual inquiry: This type of testing involves observing users in their natural environment to see how they use the product. This can provide valuable insights into how users interact with the product and what they need from it.

Surveys and questionnaires: This testing type involves asking users about their experience with the product. Surveys and questionnaires can provide valuable feedback about the overall user experience and identify areas for improvement.

User acceptance testing (UAT): UAT is a crucial phase in the software development process. It is the final testing process performed by end-users or stakeholders to verify that the software meets their business requirements and expectations. The focus of UAT is to validate that the software is functional, usable, and meets the desired specifications before it is released to the market. The goal of UAT is to ensure that the software is delivered with the highest possible quality and meets the needs of the users.

25/02/2024

Integration testing
Integration testing is the second level of the software testing process comes after unit testing. In this testing, units or individual components of the software are tested in a group. The focus of the integration testing level is to expose defects at the time of interaction between integrated components or units.

Unit testing uses modules for testing purpose, and these modules are combined and tested in integration testing. The Software is developed with a number of software modules that are coded by different coders or programmers. The goal of integration testing is to check the correctness of communication among all the modules.

Reason Behind Integration Testing
Although all modules of software application already tested in unit testing, errors still exist due to the following reasons:

Each module is designed by individual software developer whose programming logic may differ from developers of other modules so; integration testing becomes essential to determine the working of software modules.
To check the interaction of software modules with the database whether it is an erroneous or not.
Requirements can be changed or enhanced at the time of module development. These new requirements may not be tested at the level of unit testing hence integration testing becomes mandatory.
Incompatibility between modules of software could create errors.
To test hardware's compatibility with software.
If exception handling is inadequate between modules, it can create bugs.

23/02/2024

What is Defect Density?

Defect density is a mathematical value that indicates the number of flaws found in software or other parts over the period of a development cycle. It is then split by the software’s size. In a nutshell, it’s used to determine whether or not the software will be released.

The fault density is important in the Software Development Life Cycle(SDLC) cannot be overstated due to the following reasons:

It is used to determine the number of software flaws.

The testing team will be able to hire a third-party inspection crew for re-engineering and substitutions.

Developers can also use defect density to identify components that are prone to faults in the future.

As a consequence, testers can focus on the proper areas and provide the highest return on investment with little resources.

The defect density of software is estimated by dividing the sum of flaws by the size of the software.

Defect Density = Total Defect/Size

Formula to calculate defect density:

Defect Density = Average number of Defects/KLOC

Here, KLOC is Line of codes per thousands

One flaw per 1000 lines (LOC) is deemed acceptable, according to best practices. The KLOC defect density standard is one such example. Function Points are used to measure the size of software or code (FP).

Uses of Defect Density

For the development of software and its components, defect density is regarded as an industry standard. The following are some of the uses of the defect density:

It includes a development procedure for calculating the number of flaws, which allows developers to identify weak regions that need to be thoroughly tested.

Organizations also desire fault density when releasing a product and comparing performance, security, quality, scalability, and other factors. Once faults have been identified, developers may begin making improvements to decrease the number of defects.

The defect density approach aids developers in determining the impact of a reduction on software quality.

23/02/2024

Tosca

Tosca covers all your digital initiatives, including moving to the cloud, modernizing core business applications, and delivering exceptional customer experience.

Features:
Automate more testing, increase release velocity, and bring teams closer throughout the software development lifecycle.
Keep QA and development in sync with native Jira, Jenkins, and GitHub integrations.
Support Agile, DevOps, and Waterfall workflows to guide transformation across the enterprise
Integrate and automate with every part of your DevOps toolchain.

All the testing you need, all the time
Tosca covers every flavor and level of testing, from API testing, exploratory testing, mobile testing, to system integration testing, and regression testing. It even supports performance testing through its integration with NeoLoad.

Vision AI
Vision AI is a next-generation technology that “sees” like a human does, enabling it to easily automate testing for applications that were previously difficult or impossible to automate, such as those running on remote desktops. It can even create test automation based on design mockups before any code is written – letting you test much earlier in the development lifecycle.

21/12/2021

How to Use JavaScript Libraries
To use a JavaScript library in your app, add to the element using the src attribute that references the library source path or the URL.

Read the JavaScript library’s documentation you intend to use for more information and follow the steps provided there.

What Are JavaScript Libraries Used For?
As we’ve said, JavaScript libraries are used to perform specific functions. There are around 83 of them, each created to serve some purpose, and we are going to cover some of their usability in this section.

You can use JavaScript libraries for:

Data Visualization in Maps and Charts
Data visualization in applications is crucial for users to view the statistics clearly in the admin panel, dashboards, performance metrics, and more.

Presenting these data in charts and maps helps you analyze that data easily and make informed business decisions.

Examples: Chart.js, Apexcharts, Algolia Places

DOM Manipulation
Document Object Model (DOM) represents a web page (a document) as objects and nodes that you can modify using JavaScript. You can change its content, style, and structure.

Examples: jQuery, Umbrella JS

Data Handling
With the enormous amounts of data that businesses now deal with daily, handling and managing them properly is essential. Using a JavaScript library makes it easier to handle a document following its content while adding more interactivity.

Examples: D3.js

Database
Effective database management is necessary to read, create, delete, edit, and sort data. You can also use sophisticated queries, auto-create tables, synchronize and validate data, and much more.

Examples: TaffyDB, ActiveRecord.js

Forms
Use JS libraries to simplify form functions, including form validation, synchronization, handling, conditional capabilities, field controls, transforming layouts, and more.

Examples: wForms, LiveValidation, Validanguage, qForms

Animations
People love animations, and you can leverage them to make your web page interactive and more engaging. Adding micro-interactions and animations is easy by using JavaScript libraries.

Examples: Anime.js, JSTweener

Image Effects
Users can add effects to images and make them stand out using JS libraries. Effects include blurring, lightening, embossing, sharpening, grayscale, saturation, hue, adjusting contrast, flipping, inverting, reflection, and so on.

Examples: ImageFX, Reflection.js

Fonts
Users can incorporate any font they wish to make their web page more compelling based on the content type.

Examples: typeface.js

Math and String Functions
Adding mathematical expressions, date, time, and strings can be tricky. For example, a date consists of many formats, slashes, and dots to make things complex for you. The same holds when it comes to matrices and vectors.

Use JavaScript libraries to simplify these complexities in addition to manipulating and handling URLs effortlessly.

Examples: Date.js, Sylvester, JavaScript URL Library

29/11/2021

DRUPAL SOLUTIONS
Acquia Cloud
(Free or Commercial, corporation owned, not open source, OS limitations, continuous delivery, and developer tools)

Acquia Cloud is a Drupal hosting platform and developer tool suite that aims to make Drupal developers faster and more powerful. You can sign up for free to try out most of the tools with unlimited sandboxes.

Acquia Cloud provides multiple development environments out of the box, with support for a drag-and-drop workflow on the web, a desktop GUI client, or Drush/command line integration. It also includes Insight (a set of tests to check that your site follows best practices). Different tiers include different levels of Acquia Search, Mollom anti-spam and Drupal support. Acquia was co-founded by the Drupal project lead Dries Buytaert.

Aegir Hosting System
(Free, community-owned and supported, open-source, OS limitations. Aegir is a sophisticated DevOps solution for both Drupal and Wordpress. It is for the Pros.)

Aegir allows you to easily and quickly create, deploy, and manage many Drupal and Wordpress web sites, and scale across multiple server clusters. What makes Aegir exceptional is that some advanced work has been done to integrate it into large project 'control panels' along with other power tools like Jenkins and Vagrant. The goals of the Aegir project are ambitious. This is about as close as you will find to a complete solution to the Drupal 7 or 8 or Wordpress deployment, version control, everything-in-code puzzle. The project is mature and there are some excellent screencasts out there. Also, Aegir is fully extensible, since it's built on Drupal and Drush, and supports many add-ons through contributed extensions. The downside is that if you go the Aegir route, there is a steeper initial learning curve. Mainly because you will need to invest a certain amount of time planning your Aegir infrastructure and creating the scripts to do the job the way you need. However, a month or two into the project, pass that initial learning curve the rewards could be considerable.

Pantheon
(Free or Commercial, corporation owned, not open source, no OS limitations, cloud hosting, and development pipeline)

Pantheon provides instant Drupal development environments hosted in the cloud. You can sign up for a free account and with one click you get three environments for one site (dev, test and live) all connected by Git version control.

The control panel simplifies the Git pull and push between the sites. There is a one-click site backup and site download feature. You can export sites to your own hosting environment. You can also collaborate within your team if they each sign up for a free account. Costs kick in when you want to use your own domain name to point to the site. Command-line access is available via Terminus and you can use it to run many commands, including Drush.

OpenDevShop
(Free, community-owned and supported, open-source, a true Cloud Hosting Style Solution, enterprise support available)

DevShop is a "cloud hosting" system for Drupal. DevShop makes it easy to host, develop, test and update drupal sites. It provides a front-end built in Drupal (Devmaster) and a back-end built with drush (DevShop Provision).

DevShop deploys your sites using git, and allows you to create unlimited environments for each site. DevShop makes it very easy to deploy any branch or tag to each environment

Code is deployed on push to your git repo automatically. Deploy any branch or tag to any environment. Data (the database and files) can be deployed between environments. Run the built-in hooks whenever code or data is deployed, or write your own.

Open DevShop is built on top of Aegir and proves to be a project developed with the DRY principle in mind, as its core developers are also contributors to the Aegit project.

09/11/2021

Angular JS Navigation, Forms and Backends

Deep Linking
A deep link reflects where the user is in the app. This is useful so users can bookmark and email links to locations within the app. Round trip apps get this automatically, but AJAX apps by their nature do not. AngularJS combines the benefits of deep linking with desktop app-like behavior.

Form Validation
Client-side form validation is an important part of a great user experience. AngularJS lets you declare the validation rules of the form without having to write JavaScript code. Write less code, go have beer sooner.

Server Communication
AngularJS provides built-in services on top of XHR as well as various other backends using third party libraries. Promises further simplify your code by handling asynchronous return of data.

Testability Built-in
Injectable
The dependency injection in AngularJS allows you to declaratively describe how your application is wired. This means that your application needs no main() method which is usually an unmaintainable mess. Dependency injection is also a core to AngularJS. This means that any component which does not fit your needs can easily be replaced.

Testable
AngularJS was designed from ground up to be testable. It encourages behavior-view separation, comes pre-bundled with mocks, and takes full advantage of dependency injection. It also comes with end-to-end scenario runner which eliminates test flakiness by understanding the inner workings of AngularJS.

08/11/2021

Why AngularJS?
HTML is great for declaring static documents, but it falters when we try to use it for declaring dynamic views in web-applications. AngularJS lets you extend HTML vocabulary for your application. The resulting environment is extraordinarily expressive, readable, and quick to develop.

Alternatives
Other frameworks deal with HTML’s shortcomings by either abstracting away HTML, CSS, and/or JavaScript or by providing an imperative way for manipulating the DOM. Neither of these address the root problem that HTML was not designed for dynamic views.

Extensibility
AngularJS is a toolset for building the framework most suited to your application development. It is fully extensible and works well with other libraries. Every feature can be modified or replaced to suit your unique development workflow and feature needs. Read on to find out how.

Add Some Control
Data Binding
Data-binding is an automatic way of updating the view whenever the model changes, as well as updating the model whenever the view changes. This is awesome because it eliminates DOM manipulation from the list of things you have to worry about.

Controller
Controllers are the behavior behind the DOM elements. AngularJS lets you express the behavior in a clean readable form without the usual boilerplate of updating the DOM, registering callbacks or watching model changes.

Plain JavaScript
Unlike other frameworks, there is no need to inherit from proprietary types in order to wrap the model in accessors methods. AngularJS models are plain old JavaScript objects. This makes your code easy to test, maintain, reuse, and again free from boilerplate.

06/11/2021

Key Features of React

Allows you to use 3rd party libraries
Time-Saving
Simplicity and Composable
Fully supported by Facebook.
Better user experience and very fast performance.
Faster Development
Code Stability with One-directional data binding
React Components

Key Features of Angular

Built-in support for AJAX, HTTP, and Observables
Large community support
Consistent with technology
Typescript offers efficiency
Cleaner and crisp Coding
Enhanced support for error handling
Seamless updates using Angular CLI
Forms and validation
Shadow DOM / local CSS
UI and Business Logic Separation